My research is concerned broadly with the determinants and cardiovascular consequences of effort. I have been interested in cardiovascular response as an effort outcome in large part because cardiovascular responses are believed to be linked to risk for negative health outcomes, including hypertension and heart disease. A persistent focus has been on the manner in which perceptions of ability, or self-efficacy, impact effort and associated cardiovascular responses. This has evolved recently into interests in (1) fatigue and age-related cognitive decline as determinants of ability perception, (2) sleep loss and obesity as determinants of fatigue, and (3) self-regulatory (restraint, or inhibitory) training as a determinant of the capacity to self regulate. My research has been supported by various granting agencies, most notably the National Science Foundation. Visiting appointments to other universities and institutes have been supported by the Fulbright Program, the German Academic Exchange Service, and the Swiss National Science Foundation.
